<br />
RENEWABLE<br />
ENERGY2011<br />
An official publication of the World Renewable Energy Network<br />
– affiliated to UNESCO<br />
brought to you by EAEM<br />
<br />
Front Cover images<br />
<br />
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<br />
Top left: Eucalyptus trees, a feedstock for<br />
biomass fuel, grow on a farm near the<br />
rural agricultural city of Gama, Brazil<br />
(AP Photo/Eraldo Peres)<br />
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<br />
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Top right: One of the UK's largest offshore<br />
windfarms at Scroby Sands near Great<br />
Yarmouth, developed by E.ON UK<br />
(Chris Radburn/PA Archive/Press Association<br />
Images)<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
Bottom left: Solar thermal energy plant in<br />
Andalucía, Spain, developed by RWE<br />
Innogy<br />
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<br />
<br />
Bottom right: <a title="WREN Renewable Energy 2011 page 1" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/56e0b96d?page=1">RENEWABLEENERGY2011An official publication of t</a> RENEWABLEENERGY2011An official publication of t<a title="WREN Renewable Energy 2011 page 2" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/56e0b96d?page=2"></a> <a title="WREN Renewable Energy 2011 page 3" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/56e0b96d?page=3">Front Cover imagesTop left: Eucalyptus trees,</a> Front Cover imagesTop left: Eucalyptus trees,<a title="WREN Renewable Energy 2011 page 4" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/56e0b96d?page=4"></a> <a title="WREN Renewable Energy 2011 page 5" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/56e0b96d?page=5">CONTENTSOverview by Professor Ali Sayigh.......</a> CONTENTSOverview by Professor Ali Sayigh.......<a title="WREN Renewable Energy 2011 page 6" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/56e0b96d?page=6">CONTENTSThe Future of Renewable Energy in France</a> CONTENTSThe Future of Renewable Energy in France<a title="WREN Renewable Energy 2011 page 7" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/56e0b96d?page=7">Renewable Energy willbe a major source ofenerg</a> Renewable Energy willbe a major source ofenerg<a title="WREN Renewable Energy 2011 page 8" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/56e0b96d?page=8">fewer environmental and sociologicalissues. Howe</a> fewer environmental and sociologicalissues. Howe<a title="WREN Renewable Energy 2011 page 9" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/56e0b96d?page=9">Examples of this growth are listed below: D</a> Examples of this growth are listed below: D<a title="WREN Renewable Energy 2011 page 10" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/56e0b96d?page=10">Europe and US while it is sufficient tosupply el</a> Europe and US while it is sufficient tosupply el<a title="WREN Renewable Energy 2011 page 11" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/56e0b96d?page=11">is 48 volt, requires no maintenanceand can opera</a> is 48 volt, requires no maintenanceand can opera<a title="WREN Renewable Energy 2011 page 12" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/56e0b96d?page=12">Gemasolar, the first solar plant tosupply 24 hou</a> Gemasolar, the first solar plant tosupply 24 hou<a title="WREN Renewable Energy 2011 page 13" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/56e0b96d?page=13">field reflects and concentrates sunradia</a> field reflects and concentrates sunradia<a title="WREN Renewable Energy 2011 page 14" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/56e0b96d?page=14">Solar de Almería (PSA), a testing facilitythat </a> Solar de Almería (PSA), a testing facilitythat <a title="WREN Renewable Energy 2011 page 15" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/56e0b96d?page=15">Solar thermal energyin SpainA new way to pro</a> Solar thermal energyin SpainA new way to pro<a title="WREN Renewable Energy 2011 page 16" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/56e0b96d?page=16">principal, different HTFs can be used buttraditi</a> principal, different HTFs can be used buttraditi<a title="WREN Renewable Energy 2011 page 17" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/56e0b96d?page=17">build solar thermal power plants, theoptimizatio</a> build solar thermal power plants, theoptimizatio<a title="WREN Renewable Energy 2011 page 18" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/56e0b96d?page=18"></a> <a title="WREN Renewable Energy 2011 page 19" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/56e0b96d?page=19">Tel: +44(0)203 178 5901 Fax number: +44(0)207 664</a> Tel: +44(0)203 178 5901 Fax number: +44(0)207 664<a title="WREN Renewable Energy 2011 page 20" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/56e0b96d?page=20">Powering Indiainto the FutureAuthor: Nick Be</a> Powering Indiainto the FutureAuthor: Nick Be<a title="WREN Renewable Energy 2011 page 21" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/56e0b96d?page=21">especially Africa. Indian politiciansare keen t</a> especially Africa. Indian politiciansare keen t<a title="WREN Renewable Energy 2011 page 22" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/56e0b96d?page=22">Status of the windindustry in Texas and thewid</a> Status of the windindustry in Texas and thewid<a title="WREN Renewable Energy 2011 page 23" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/56e0b96d?page=23">work with neighbors and municipalities,but they </a> work with neighbors and municipalities,but they <a title="WREN Renewable Energy 2011 page 24" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/56e0b96d?page=24">24 RENEWABLE ENERGY 2011</a> 24 RENEWABLE ENERGY 2011<a title="WREN Renewable Energy 2011 page 25" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/56e0b96d?page=25">The latest innovationsfrom NREL in theUnited S</a> The latest innovationsfrom NREL in theUnited S<a title="WREN Renewable Energy 2011 page 26" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/56e0b96d?page=26">Black Siliconof energy efficiency and renewable</a> Black Siliconof energy efficiency and renewable<a title="WREN Renewable Energy 2011 page 27" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/56e0b96d?page=27">Drivetrainpowerful 3,550-horsepower electricmot</a> Drivetrainpowerful 3,550-horsepower electricmot<a title="WREN Renewable Energy 2011 page 28" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/56e0b96d?page=28">PV applications in thebuilt environment in the</a> PV applications in thebuilt environment in the<a title="WREN Renewable Energy 2011 page 29" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/56e0b96d?page=29">4. Flexibility: Buildings do not always </a> 4. Flexibility: Buildings do not always <a title="WREN Renewable Energy 2011 page 30" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/56e0b96d?page=30">Sustainable naturalventilation systems inthe t</a> Sustainable naturalventilation systems inthe t<a title="WREN Renewable Energy 2011 page 31" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/56e0b96d?page=31">In Arabic gulf countries and Iraq therewere both</a> In Arabic gulf countries and Iraq therewere both<a title="WREN Renewable Energy 2011 page 32" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/56e0b96d?page=32">3.0 Sustainable TraditionalVentilationModern bu</a> 3.0 Sustainable TraditionalVentilationModern bu<a title="WREN Renewable Energy 2011 page 33" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/56e0b96d?page=33">1-Typical Cool Tower; It is basic designwhich is</a> 1-Typical Cool Tower; It is basic designwhich is<a title="WREN Renewable Energy 2011 page 34" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/56e0b96d?page=34">Vattenfall pioneeringin offshore windOle Big</a> Vattenfall pioneeringin offshore windOle Big<a title="WREN Renewable Energy 2011 page 35" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/56e0b96d?page=35">Waste not want not!Waste as a renewableenergy </a> Waste not want not!Waste as a renewableenergy <a title="WREN Renewable Energy 2011 page 36" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/56e0b96d?page=36">we still need to deal with a considerablevolume </a> we still need to deal with a considerablevolume <a title="WREN Renewable Energy 2011 page 37" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/56e0b96d?page=37">weather conditions, and contribute tomeeting the</a> weather conditions, and contribute tomeeting the<a title="WREN Renewable Energy 2011 page 38" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/56e0b96d?page=38">Has the BritishGovernment got it wrongon feed-</a> Has the BritishGovernment got it wrongon feed-<a title="WREN Renewable Energy 2011 page 39" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/56e0b96d?page=39">Furthermore, large-scale developers whohave fina</a> Furthermore, large-scale developers whohave fina<a title="WREN Renewable Energy 2011 page 40" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/56e0b96d?page=40">The Future ofrenewable energyin FranceNa</a> The Future ofrenewable energyin FranceNa<a title="WREN Renewable Energy 2011 page 41" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/56e0b96d?page=41">Thus, recycling and lifecycleassessment requirem</a> Thus, recycling and lifecycleassessment requirem<a title="WREN Renewable Energy 2011 page 42" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/56e0b96d?page=42">After the EuropeanRenewables Directive:Mains</a> After the EuropeanRenewables Directive:Mains<a title="WREN Renewable Energy 2011 page 43" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/56e0b96d?page=43">higher rates of renewables deploymentat lower co</a> higher rates of renewables deploymentat lower co<a title="WREN Renewable Energy 2011 page 44" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/56e0b96d?page=44">Ambiguous signalsfrom Germany in 2010:Enormo</a> Ambiguous signalsfrom Germany in 2010:Enormo<a title="WREN Renewable Energy 2011 page 45" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/56e0b96d?page=45">even at times without any windblowing and withou</a> even at times without any windblowing and withou<a title="WREN Renewable Energy 2011 page 46" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/56e0b96d?page=46">geothermal (5,585 GWh). Among thebiomass used, s</a> geothermal (5,585 GWh). Among thebiomass used, s<a title="WREN Renewable Energy 2011 page 47" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/56e0b96d?page=47">Zero energy buildingsin FinlandAla Hasan, Ph</a> Zero energy buildingsin FinlandAla Hasan, Ph<a title="WREN Renewable Energy 2011 page 48" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/56e0b96d?page=48">is a single family house. The heatingsystem is b</a> is a single family house. The heatingsystem is b<a title="WREN Renewable Energy 2011 page 49" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/56e0b96d?page=49">offices. In addition, the block will haveabout 2</a> offices. In addition, the block will haveabout 2<a title="WREN Renewable Energy 2011 page 50" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/56e0b96d?page=50">Core SponsorRenewableUK 2011Annual Confere</a> Core SponsorRenewableUK 2011Annual Confere<a title="WREN Renewable Energy 2011 page 51" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/56e0b96d?page=51">The future of sustainablebiofuels in BrazilM</a> The future of sustainablebiofuels in BrazilM<a title="WREN Renewable Energy 2011 page 52" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/56e0b96d?page=52">capacity, according to the biodieseldemand incre</a> capacity, according to the biodieseldemand incre<a title="WREN Renewable Energy 2011 page 53" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/56e0b96d?page=53">2010. There is today a need to revise theplan so</a> 2010. There is today a need to revise theplan so<a title="WREN Renewable Energy 2011 page 54" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/56e0b96d?page=54">Emerging renewableenergy technologydevelopment</a> Emerging renewableenergy technologydevelopment<a title="WREN Renewable Energy 2011 page 55" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/56e0b96d?page=55">1000-kWh lithium-ion battery storagesystem on Co</a> 1000-kWh lithium-ion battery storagesystem on Co<a title="WREN Renewable Energy 2011 page 56" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/56e0b96d?page=56">The future of renewableenergy in JapanMasaka</a> The future of renewableenergy in JapanMasaka<a title="WREN Renewable Energy 2011 page 57" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/56e0b96d?page=57">In this system, each utility company isobliged t</a> In this system, each utility company isobliged t<a title="WREN Renewable Energy 2011 page 58" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/56e0b96d?page=58">World RenewableEnergy Network – WRENA Global</a> World RenewableEnergy Network – WRENA Global<a title="WREN Renewable Energy 2011 page 59" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/56e0b96d?page=59">A Student competition was held duringWREC-11, at</a> A Student competition was held duringWREC-11, at<a title="WREN Renewable Energy 2011 page 60" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/56e0b96d?page=60">ISESCO Ministers of Environmentmeeting in Tunisi</a> ISESCO Ministers of Environmentmeeting in Tunisi<a title="WREN Renewable Energy 2011 page 61" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/56e0b96d?page=61">World RenewableEnergy Congress 211– Sweden8-13 </a> World RenewableEnergy Congress 211– Sweden8-13 <a title="WREN Renewable Energy 2011 page 62" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/56e0b96d?page=62">World Renewable Energy AsiaRegional Congress and</a> World Renewable Energy AsiaRegional Congress and<a title="WREN Renewable Energy 2011 page 63" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/56e0b96d?page=63"></a> <a title="WREN Renewable Energy 2011 page 64" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/56e0b96d?page=64"></a>