<br />
www.optionfinance.fr<br />
Hors-série N°C11 - Lundi 21 septembre 2009 - ISSN / 0989 - 35 €<br />
December 2017<br />
Digital<br />
Guide<br />
avec la participation de<br />
L<br />
e s cahi e r s<br />
1<br />
2<br />
Presentation*<br />
T<br />
he advent of digital media turned the economic, social, and legal worlds upside<br />
down. We therefore thought it would be helpful to create a Digital Guide for<br />
a better understanding of the challenges and issues arising from the digital<br />
media transformation.<br />
The digital revolution has transformed the economic and legal worlds in many ways. First,<br />
the economic activities of companies have been affected by Big Data, data control, and<br />
evolving market power. Governments have also had to adapt to the digital age. The idea<br />
of a cyber-administration was raised, followed by e-governance, and <a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 1" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=1"> www.optionfinance.fr </a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 2" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=2"> 2</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 3" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=3"> Presentation* T he a</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 4" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=4"> 4</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 5" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=5"> Introduction S ince the dawn </a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 6" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=6"> n Summary n Presentation ......................</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 7" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=7"> n Summary n 1.1.2. Respecting users’ rights 1.2</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 8" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=8"> n Summary n 2. The legislative framework ......</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 9" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=9"> n Summary n 2.1.4. Transfer pricing 2.2. Soluti</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 10" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=10"> 10</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 11" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=11"> n Coordinators and editors n I</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 12" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=12"> n Author biographies n Simon Charbit, Par</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 13" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=13"> n Author biographies n Agnès Chavernoz, Ass</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 14" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=14"> n Biographies of the interviewees n Introduct</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 15" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=15"> n Biographies of the interviewees n Data cont</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 16" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=16"> Questions for Jean-David Chamboredon, Executive C</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 17" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=17"> is the following: companies financed by venture c</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 18" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=18"> 18</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 19" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=19"> Topic 1 Companies and Big Data The authors </a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 20" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=20"> Questions for Gilles Babinet, entrepreneur and di</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 21" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=21"> Companies and Big Data N </a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 22" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=22"> unstructured (social, automated, Web, or public d</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 23" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=23"> advantage of the platform’s features while helpin</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 24" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=24"> the French Law for a Digital Republic,16 which su</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 25" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=25"> it contains) or social network profiles using a s</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 26" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=26"> necessary for the purposes for which the data was</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 27" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=27"> The “accountability” principle requires data cont</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 28" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=28"> nymous is outside the scope of the data protectio</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 29" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=29"> 1. “Robert Kirkpatrick, Director of UN Global Pul</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 30" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=30"> 30</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 31" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=31"> Topic 2 Cybersecurity The authors </a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 32" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=32"> Cybersecurity W hile the dig</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 33" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=33"> 1 Cybersecurity, a challenge for companies and go</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 34" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=34"> services. A survey of 10,000 managers in 127 coun</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 35" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=35"> 1.2.2. At the European Union level In 2004 the Eu</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 36" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=36"> reproduction, distribution and representation of </a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 37" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=37"> 2.1.1. Responsibility of the data controller for </a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 38" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=38"> impacted by regulation of security measures. The </a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 39" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=39"> data from other service provider customers, imple</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 40" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=40"> – Use of intrusion detection tools to detect unus</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 41" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=41"> internal communications channel devoted to the in</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 42" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=42"> 42</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 43" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=43"> Topic 3 The Internet of Things The authors </a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 44" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=44"> The Internet of Things T </a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 45" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=45"> privacy(1.1) and, more generally, to the security</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 46" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=46"> regulations.9 Furthermore, the Regulation also re</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 47" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=47"> The failure to comply with the right to informati</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 48" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=48"> The second is the use of poorly secured web inter</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 49" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=49"> as user age decreases: this is the case for 83% o</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 50" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=50"> third party, unless the custodian can prove force</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 51" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=51"> 2.2. Liability for processing results pro- duced </a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 52" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=52"> </a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 53" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=53"> </a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 54" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=54"> Connected devices, mobile applications and medica</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 55" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=55"> 55</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 56" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=56"> 56</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 57" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=57"> Topic 4 The framework for processing per</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 58" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=58"> The framework for processing pers</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 59" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=59"> the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights was official</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 60" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=60"> sor in the European Union, regardless of whether </a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 61" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=61"> the past several years, in anticipation of the ch</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 62" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=62"> WP), which is composed of the various personal da</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 63" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=63"> Standard contractual clauses: 8standard contr</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 64" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=64"> ral obligation of prior notice to the relevant su</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 65" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=65"> country does not develop its own application such</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 66" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=66"> controller to guarantee that only a certain numbe</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 67" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=67"> tion: inaccurate data must be deleted or rectifie</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 68" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=68"> Inclusion of this right in the Regulation reinfor</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 69" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=69"> solely on this basis if the decision has legal co</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 70" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=70"> 4 The European harmonization under construc</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 71" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=71"> involving several Member States to interact with </a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 72" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=72"> 4.1.3.2. Right to compensation and liability The </a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 73" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=73"> certain criteria the data must meet to be deliste</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 74" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=74"> Data Protection Officers: Role and Powers23 The n</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 75" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=75"> to limit the scope of the rights and obligations </a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 76" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=76"> 1. In its so-called Costeja decision of May 13, 2</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 77" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=77"> 77</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 78" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=78"> 78</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 79" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=79"> Topic 5 The sharing economy The author </a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 80" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=80"> Questions for Maria Gomri, Head of Legal Affairs,</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 81" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=81"> The sharing economy T he early</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 82" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=82"> traditional restaurants. It is also appealing for</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 83" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=83"> 1.5. The sharing economy is not “uberiza- tion” E</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 84" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=84"> to the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJ</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 85" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=85"> Questions for Marion Carrette, OuiCar Founder Sy</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 86" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=86"> 86</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 87" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=87"> Topic 6 Crowd collaboration The authors </a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 88" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=88"> Crowd collaboration T he emergence of</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 89" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=89"> Mettling, HRD at Orange, in his September 2015 re</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 90" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=90"> ling to perform services, which is something the </a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 91" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=91"> “power up”). Internal mobility is also a particip</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 92" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=92"> 92</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 93" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=93"> Topic 7 Control over data means mark</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 94" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=94"> Questions for Isabelle Rech, Head of Legal, and B</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 95" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=95"> Control over data means market power</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 96" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=96"> – whether or not the data is personal,8 since the</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 97" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=97"> draw in this regard, raising concerns that have l</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 98" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=98"> and market share increased less accurate than if </a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 99" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=99"> or take advantage of their dominant position on c</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 100" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=100"> seem sufficiently flexible to adapt to different </a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 101" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=101"> 1. International Data Corporation (IDC) and EMC2,</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 102" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=102"> 102</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 103" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=103"> Topic 8 Corporate venture capital The auth</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 104" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=104"> Questions for Jean-Pierre Gérault, Chairman, Rich</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 105" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=105"> IPO, risk capital does not reach attractive profi</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 106" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=106"> Corporate venture Preliminary comments Corporate</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 107" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=107"> venture capital. During the 1980s, government ini</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 108" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=108"> appropriate, this prospecting phase may be follow</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 109" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=109"> 3 State support for innovation As mentioned abo</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 110" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=110"> NO. NAME CHARACTERISTICS 3. French Tech G</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 111" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=111"> Bpi also manages several investment funds such as</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 112" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=112"> (CFE and CVAE) and property tax, for an 8-year pe</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 113" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=113"> the three fiscal years preceding the subscription</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 114" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=114"> and STMicorelectronics) decided in 2002 to establ</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 115" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=115"> The presence of corporate venture capitalists amo</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 116" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=116"> 116</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 117" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=117"> Topic 9 The taxation of digital technology Th</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 118" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=118"> The taxation of digital technology T </a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 119" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=119"> countries: Ireland, the Netherlands (the transfer</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 120" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=120"> regarded as being “established” in France, as lon</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 121" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=121"> people begin to interact through an intermediary;</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 122" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=122"> 39 terdecies of the French General Tax Code (CGI)</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 123" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=123"> ving problems of double taxation, the proposal di</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 124" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=124"> may seem surprising, since its aim was to catch a</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 125" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=125"> 1. Pierre Collin and Nicolas Colin, “Experts’ mis</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 126" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=126"> 126</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 127" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=127"> Topic 10 The blockchain revolution: should </a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 128" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=128"> Questions for Georges Nahon, Chairman, Orange Sil</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 129" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=129"> Macron law. Governments around the world are look</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 130" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=130"> The blockchain revolution: should we </a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 131" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=131"> that consists of chronologically arranged bundles</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 132" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=132"> and function in an entirely decentralized manner.</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 133" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=133"> different assumptions and take dramatically diffe</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 134" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=134"> dit and liquidity risk by requiring pre-funding, </a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 135" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=135"> ponents of smart contracts claim that many kinds </a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 136" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=136"> wrong hands and authenticates the drug for the en</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 137" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=137"> a November 2015 speech, Commissioner Kara Stein f</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 138" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=138"> Bitcoin and virtual currencies more generally. Fo</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 139" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=139"> 1. Don Tapscott and Alec Tapscott, Blockchain Rev</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 140" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=140"> Ownership of Precious Metals, FIN-2015-R001 (Augu</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 141" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=141"> 141</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 142" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=142"> 142</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 143" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=143"> Topic 11 Regtechs, or the rise of </a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 144" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=144"> Questions for Nicolas Steiner, Digital Convergenc</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 145" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=145"> in 2020. In 2016, nearly 35% of software expendit</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 146" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=146"> Regtechs, or the rise of a collaborat</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 147" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=147"> The combination of (i) tighter, more complex regu</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 148" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=148"> institutions’ desire to make their data available</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 149" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=149"> mediaries; and accounting audit procedures so as </a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 150" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=150"> 1. Order no. 2014-559 of May 30, 2014 on crowdfun</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 151" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=151"> 151</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 152" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=152"> Abreviations ACPR ADPS AFIC AMF ANSSI ANVAR API</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 153" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=153"> OECD OCLCTIC Orias PIPAME PIPC PRI PTZI RTC SCR</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 154" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=154"> Glossary 3V Volume, Velocity and Variety. Alg</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 155" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=155"> Digital disruption or disruptive innovation Any n</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 156" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=156"> Virtual currency Digital representation of value </a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 157" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=157"> 157</a>
<a title="Guide_du_Numerique_EN_Zmag page 158" href="http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/0d592226?page=158"> Option Fi</a>